One of the major economic criteria is associated with the growth of maintenance costs of old rail vehicles.The research aims to determine the ageing criteria of passenger Girls Fall Casual Set rolling stock, which could take into account fuel, diesel oil and repair costs.Therefore, economic Square Grillit criteria based on the above costs are gener
Excessive chemical fertilizers can increase carbon emissions and accelerate land degradation.To overcome this challenge, mitigation efforts are needed, such as using biofilm-forming microbes to reduce water evaporation and household waste as compost and liquid organic fertilizer to improve degraded soil quality.This study aims to determine the effe
The swift integration of advanced technologies in the construction sector has significantly propelled the adoption of smart construction sites (SCSs).Quality management (QM), a critical endeavor within the construction domain, is central to the operational success of construction projects.The establishment of quality management in smart constructio